752 lines
30 KiB
TeX
752 lines
30 KiB
TeX
%&latex -*- latex -*-
|
|
% Fix OXTABS footnote bug
|
|
% Figures should be dumped out earlier? Pack two to a page?
|
|
|
|
\section{Terminal device control}
|
|
\label{sect:tty}
|
|
|
|
\newcommand{\fr}[1]{\makebox[0pt][r]{#1}}
|
|
|
|
% \ex{#1} and also generates an index entry.
|
|
\newcommand{\exi}[1]{\index{#1@\texttt{#1}}\ex{#1}}
|
|
\newcommand{\indextt}[1]{\index{#1@\texttt{#1}}}
|
|
|
|
Scsh provides a complete set of routines for manipulating terminal
|
|
devices---putting them in ``raw'' mode, changing and querying their
|
|
special characters, modifying their i/o speeds, and so forth.
|
|
The scsh interface is designed both for generality and portability
|
|
across different Unix platforms, so you don't have to rewrite your
|
|
program each time you move to a new system.
|
|
We've also made an effort to use reasonable, Scheme-like names for
|
|
the multitudinous named constants involved, so when you are reading
|
|
code, you'll have less likelihood of getting lost in a bewildering
|
|
maze of obfuscatory constants named \ex{ICRNL}, \ex{INPCK}, \ex{IUCLC},
|
|
and \ex{ONOCR}.
|
|
|
|
This section can only lay out the basic functionality of the terminal
|
|
device interface.
|
|
For further details, see the termios(3) man page on your system,
|
|
or consult one of the standard {\Unix} texts.
|
|
|
|
\subsection{Portability across OS variants}
|
|
Terminal-control software is inescapably complex, ugly, and low-level.
|
|
Unix variants each provide their own way of controlling terminal
|
|
devices, making it difficult to provide interfaces that are
|
|
portable across different Unix systems.
|
|
Scsh's terminal support is based primarily upon the {\Posix} termios
|
|
interface.
|
|
Programs that can be written using only the {\Posix} interface are likely
|
|
to be widely portable.
|
|
|
|
The bulk of the documentation that follows consists of several pages worth
|
|
of tables defining different named constants that enable and disable different
|
|
features of the terminal driver.
|
|
Some of these flags are {\Posix}; others are taken from the two common
|
|
branches of Unix development, SVR4 and 4.3+ Berkeley.
|
|
Scsh guarantees that the non-{\Posix} constants will be bound identifiers.
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item If your OS supports a particular non-{\Posix} flag,
|
|
its named constant will be bound to the flag's value.
|
|
\item If your OS doesn't support the flag, its named constant
|
|
will be present, but bound to \sharpf.
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
This means that if you want to use SVR4 or Berkeley features in a program,
|
|
your program can portably test the values of the flags before using
|
|
them---the flags can reliably be referenced without producing OS-dependent
|
|
``unbound variable'' errors.
|
|
|
|
Finally, note that although {\Posix}, SVR4, and Berkeley cover the lion's
|
|
share of the terminal-driver functionality,
|
|
each operating system inevitably has non-standard extensions.
|
|
While a particular scsh implementation may provide these extensions,
|
|
they are not portable, and so are not documented here.
|
|
|
|
\subsection{Miscellaneous procedures}
|
|
\defun{tty?}{fd/port}{\boolean}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
Return true if the argument is a tty.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
\defun{tty-file-name}{fd/port}{\str}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
The argument \var{fd/port} must be a file descriptor or port open on a tty.
|
|
Return the file-name of the tty.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
\subsection{The tty-info record type}
|
|
|
|
The primary data-structure that describes a terminal's mode is
|
|
a \ex{tty-info} record, defined as follows:
|
|
\index{tty-info record type}
|
|
\indextt{tty-info:control-chars}
|
|
\indextt{tty-info:input-flags}
|
|
\indextt{tty-info:output-flags}
|
|
\indextt{tty-info:control-flags}
|
|
\indextt{tty-info:local-flags}
|
|
\indextt{tty-info:input-speed}
|
|
\indextt{tty-info:output-speed}
|
|
\indextt{tty-info:min}
|
|
\indextt{tty-info:time}
|
|
\indextt{tty-info?}
|
|
\begin{code}
|
|
(define-record tty-info
|
|
control-chars ; String: Magic input chars
|
|
input-flags ; Int: Input processing
|
|
output-flags ; Int: Output processing
|
|
control-flags ; Int: Serial-line control
|
|
local-flags ; Int: Line-editting UI
|
|
input-speed ; Int: Code for input speed
|
|
output-speed ; Int: Code for output speed
|
|
min ; Int: Raw-mode input policy
|
|
time) ; Int: Raw-mode input policy\end{code}
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{The control-characters string}
|
|
The \ex{control-chars} field is a character string;
|
|
its characters may be indexed by integer values taken from
|
|
table~\ref{table:ttychars}.
|
|
|
|
As discussed above,
|
|
only the {\Posix} entries in table~\ref{table:ttychars} are guaranteed
|
|
to be legal, integer indices.
|
|
A program can reliably test the OS to see if the non-{\Posix}
|
|
characters are supported by checking the index constants.
|
|
If the control-character function is supported by the terminal driver,
|
|
then the corresponding index will be bound to an integer;
|
|
if it is not supported, the index will be bound to \sharpf.
|
|
|
|
To disable a given control-character function, set its corresponding
|
|
entry in the \ex{tty-info:control-chars} string to the
|
|
special character \exi{disable-tty-char}
|
|
(and then use the \ex{(set-tty-info \var{fd/port} \var{info})} procedure
|
|
to update the terminal's state).
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{The flag fields}
|
|
The \ex{tty-info} record's \ex{input-flags}, \ex{output-flags},
|
|
\ex{control-flags}, and \ex{local-flags} fields are all bit sets
|
|
represented as two's-complement integers.
|
|
Their values are composed by or'ing together values taken from
|
|
the named constants listed in tables~\ref{table:ttyin}
|
|
through \ref{table:ttylocal}.
|
|
|
|
As discussed above,
|
|
only the {\Posix} entries listed in these tables are guaranteed
|
|
to be legal, integer flag values.
|
|
A program can reliably test the OS to see if the non-{\Posix}
|
|
flags are supported by checking the named constants.
|
|
If the feature is supported by the terminal driver,
|
|
then the corresponding flag will be bound to an integer;
|
|
if it is not supported, the flag will be bound to \sharpf.
|
|
|
|
%%%%% I managed to squeeze this into the DEFINE-RECORD's comments.
|
|
% Here is a small table classifying the four flag fields by
|
|
% the kind of features they determine:
|
|
% \begin{center}
|
|
% \begin{tabular}{|ll|}\hline
|
|
% Field & Affects \\ \hline \hline
|
|
% \ex{input-flags} & Processing of input chars \\
|
|
% \ex{output-flags} & Processing of output chars \\
|
|
% \ex{control-flags} & Controlling of terminal's serial line \\
|
|
% \ex{local-flags} & Details of the line-editting user interface \\
|
|
% \hline
|
|
% \end{tabular}
|
|
% \end{center}
|
|
|
|
%%%
|
|
%%% The figures used to go here.
|
|
%%%
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{The speed fields}
|
|
The \ex{input-speed} and \ex{output-speed} fields determine the
|
|
I/O rate of the terminal's line.
|
|
The value of these fields is an integer giving the speed
|
|
in bits-per-second.
|
|
The following speeds are supported by {\Posix}:
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\begin{tabular}{rrrr}
|
|
0 & 134 & 600 & 4800 \\
|
|
50 & 150 & 1200 & 9600 \\
|
|
75 & 200 & 1800 & 19200 \\
|
|
110 & 300 & 2400 & 38400 \\
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
Your OS may accept others; it may also allow the special symbols
|
|
\ex{'exta} and \ex{'extb}.
|
|
|
|
\subsubsection{The min and time fields}
|
|
The integer \ex{min} and \ex{time} fields determine input blocking
|
|
behaviour during non-canonical (raw) input; otherwise, they are ignored.
|
|
See the termios(3) man page for further details.
|
|
|
|
Be warned that {\Posix} allows the base system call's representation
|
|
of the \ex{tty-info} record to share storage for the \ex{min} field
|
|
and the \ex{ttychar/eof} element of the control-characters string,
|
|
and for the \ex{time} field and the \ex{ttychar/eol} element
|
|
of the control-characters string.
|
|
Many implementations in fact do this.
|
|
|
|
To stay out of trouble, set the \ex{min} and \ex{time} fields only
|
|
if you are putting the terminal into raw mode;
|
|
set the eof and eol control-characters only if you are putting
|
|
the terminal into canonical mode.
|
|
It's ugly, but it's {\Unix}.
|
|
|
|
\subsection{Using tty-info records}
|
|
|
|
\defun{make-tty-info}{if of cf lf ispeed ospeed min time}
|
|
{tty-info-record}
|
|
\defunx{copy-tty-info}{tty-info-record}{tty-info-record}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
These procedures make it possible to create new \ex{tty-info} records.
|
|
The typical method for creating a new record is to copy one retrieved
|
|
by a call to the \ex{tty-info} procedure, then modify the copy as desired.
|
|
Note that the \ex{make-tty-info} procedure does not take a parameter
|
|
to define the new record's control characters.\footnote{
|
|
Why? Because the length of the string varies from Unix to Unix.
|
|
For example, the word-erase control character (typically control-w)
|
|
is provided by most Unixes, but not part of the {\Posix} spec.}
|
|
Instead, it simply returns a \ex{tty-info} record whose control-character
|
|
string has all elements initialised to {\Ascii} nul.
|
|
You may then install the special characters by assigning to the string.
|
|
Similarly, the control-character string in the record produced by
|
|
\ex{copy-tty-info} does not share structure with the string in the record
|
|
being copied, so you may mutate it freely.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
|
|
\defun{tty-info}{[fd/port/fname]}{tty-info-record}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
The \var{fd/port/fname} parameter is an integer file descriptor or
|
|
Scheme I/O port opened on a terminal device,
|
|
or a file-name for a terminal device; it defaults to the current input port.
|
|
This procedure returns a \ex{tty-info} record describing the terminal's
|
|
current mode.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
\defun {set-tty-info/now} {fd/port/fname info}{no-value}
|
|
\defunx{set-tty-info/drain}{fd/port/fname info}{no-value}
|
|
\defunx{set-tty-info/flush}{fd/port/fname info}{no-value}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
The \var{fd/port/fname} parameter is an integer file descriptor or
|
|
Scheme I/O port opened on a terminal device,
|
|
or a file-name for a terminal device.
|
|
The procedure chosen determines when and how the terminal's mode is altered:
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\begin{tabular}{|ll|} \hline
|
|
Procedure & Meaning \\ \hline \hline
|
|
\ex{set-tty-info/now} & Make change immediately. \\
|
|
\ex{set-tty-info/drain} & Drain output, then change. \\
|
|
\ex{set-tty-info/flush} & Drain output, flush input, then change. \\ \hline
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\oops{If I had defined these with the parameters in the reverse order,
|
|
I could have made \var{fd/port/fname} optional. Too late now.}
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
\subsection{Other terminal-device procedures}
|
|
\defun{send-tty-break}{[fd/port/fname duration]}{no-value}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
The \var{fd/port/fname} parameter is an integer file descriptor or
|
|
Scheme I/O port opened on a terminal device,
|
|
or a file-name for a terminal device; it defaults to the current output port.
|
|
Send a break signal to the designated terminal.
|
|
A break signal is a sequence of continuous zeros on the terminal's transmission
|
|
line.
|
|
|
|
The \var{duration} argument determines the length of the break signal.
|
|
A zero value (the default) causes a break of between
|
|
0.25 and 0.5 seconds to be sent;
|
|
other values determine a period in a manner that will depend upon local
|
|
community standards.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
\defun{drain-tty}{[fd/port/fname]}{no-value}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
The \var{fd/port/fname} parameter is an integer file descriptor or
|
|
Scheme I/O port opened on a terminal device,
|
|
or a file-name for a terminal device; it defaults to the current output port.
|
|
|
|
This procedure waits until all the output written to the
|
|
terminal device has been transmitted to the device.
|
|
If \var{fd/port/fname} is an output port with buffered I/O
|
|
enabled, then the port's buffered characters are flushed before
|
|
waiting for the device to drain.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
\defun {flush-tty/input} {[fd/port/fname]}{no-value}
|
|
\defunx{flush-tty/output}{[fd/port/fname]}{no-value}
|
|
\defunx{flush-tty/both} {[fd/port/fname]}{no-value}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
The \var{fd/port/fname} parameter is an integer file descriptor or
|
|
Scheme I/O port opened on a terminal device,
|
|
or a file-name for a terminal device; it defaults to the current input
|
|
port (\ex{flush-tty/input} and \ex{flush-tty/both}),
|
|
or output port (\ex{flush-tty/output}).
|
|
|
|
These procedures discard the unread input chars or unwritten
|
|
output chars in the tty's kernel buffers.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
\defun {start-tty-output}{[fd/port/fname]} {no-value}
|
|
\defunx{stop-tty-output} {[fd/port/fname]} {no-value}
|
|
\defunx{start-tty-input} {[fd/port/fname]} {no-value}
|
|
\defunx{stop-tty-input} {[fd/port/fname]} {no-value}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
These procedures can be used to control a terminal's input and output flow.
|
|
The \var{fd/port/fname} parameter is an integer file descriptor or
|
|
Scheme I/O port opened on a terminal device,
|
|
or a file-name for a terminal device; it defaults to the current input
|
|
or output port.
|
|
|
|
The \ex{stop-tty-output} and \ex{start-tty-output} procedures suspend
|
|
and resume output from a terminal device.
|
|
The \ex{stop-tty-input} and \ex{start-tty-input} procedures transmit
|
|
the special STOP and START characters to the terminal with the intention
|
|
of stopping and starting terminal input flow.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
% --- Obsolete ---
|
|
% \defun {encode-baud-rate}{speed}{code}
|
|
% \defunx{decode-baud-rate}{code}{speed}
|
|
% \begin{desc}
|
|
% These procedures can be used to map between the special codes
|
|
% that are legal values for the \ex{tty-info:input-speed} and
|
|
% \ex{tty-info:output-speed} fields, and actual integer bits-per-second speeds.
|
|
% The codes are the values bound to the
|
|
% \ex{baud/4800}, \ex{baud/9600}, and other named constants defined above.
|
|
% For example:
|
|
% \begin{code}
|
|
% (decode-baud-rate baud/9600) {\evalto} 9600
|
|
%
|
|
% ;;; These two expressions are identical:
|
|
% (set-tty-info:input-speed ti baud/14400)
|
|
% (set-tty-info:input-speed ti (encode-baud-rate 14400))\end{code}
|
|
% \end{desc}
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
|
\subsection{Control terminals, sessions, and terminal process groups}
|
|
|
|
\defun{open-control-tty}{tty-name [flags]}{port}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
This procedure opens terminal device \var{tty-name} as the process'
|
|
control terminal
|
|
(see the \ex{termios} man page for more information on control terminals).
|
|
The \var{tty-name} argument is a file-name such as \ex{/dev/ttya}.
|
|
The \var{flags} argument is a value suitable as the second argument
|
|
to the \ex{open-file} call; it defaults to \ex{open/read+write}, causing
|
|
the terminal to be opened for both input and output.
|
|
|
|
The port returned is an input port if the \var{flags} permit it,
|
|
otherwise an output port.
|
|
\RnRS/\scm/scsh do not have input/output ports,
|
|
so it's one or the other.
|
|
However, you can get both read and write ports open on a terminal
|
|
by opening it read/write, taking the result input port,
|
|
and duping it to an output port with \ex{dup->outport}.
|
|
|
|
This procedure guarantees to make the opened terminal the
|
|
process' control terminal only if the process does not have
|
|
an assigned control terminal at the time of the call.
|
|
If the scsh process already has a control terminal, the results are undefined.
|
|
|
|
To arrange for the process to have no control terminal prior to calling
|
|
this procedure, use the \ex{become-session-leader} procedure.
|
|
|
|
%\oops{The control terminal code was added just before release time
|
|
% for scsh release 0.4. Control terminals are one of the less-standardised
|
|
% elements of Unix. We can't guarantee that the terminal is definitely
|
|
% attached as a control terminal; we were only able to test this out
|
|
% on HP-UX. If you intend to use this feature on your OS, you should
|
|
% test it out first. If your OS requires the use of the \ex{TIOCSCTTY}
|
|
% \ex{ioctl}, uncomment the appropriate few lines of code in the
|
|
% file \ex{tty1.c} and send us email.}
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
\defun{become-session-leader}{}{\integer}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
This is the C \ex{setsid()} call.
|
|
{\Posix} job-control has a three-level hierarchy:
|
|
session/process-group/process.
|
|
Every session has an associated control terminal.
|
|
This procedure places the current process into a brand new session,
|
|
and disassociates the process from any previous control terminal.
|
|
You may subsequently use \ex{open-control-tty} to open a new control
|
|
terminal.
|
|
|
|
It is an error to call this procedure if the current process is already
|
|
a process-group leader.
|
|
One way to guarantee this is not the case is only to call this procedure
|
|
after forking.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
|
|
\defun {tty-process-group}{fd/port/fname}{\integer}
|
|
\defunx{set-tty-process-group}{fd/port/fname pgrp}{\undefined}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
This pair of procedures gets and sets the process group of a given
|
|
terminal.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
\defun{control-tty-file-name}{}{\str}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
Return the file-name of the process' control tty.
|
|
On every version of Unix of which we are aware, this is just the string
|
|
\ex{"/dev/tty"}.
|
|
However, this procedure uses the official Posix interface, so it is more
|
|
portable than simply using a constant string.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
|
|
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
|
\subsection{Pseudo-terminals}
|
|
Scsh implements an interface to Berkeley-style pseudo-terminals.
|
|
|
|
\defun{fork-pty-session}{thunk}{[process pty-in pty-out tty-name]}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
This procedure gives a convenient high-level interface to pseudo-terminals.
|
|
It first allocates a pty/tty pair of devices, and then forks a child
|
|
to execute procedure \var{thunk}.
|
|
In the child process
|
|
\begin{itemize}
|
|
\item Stdio and the current I/O ports are bound to the terminal device.
|
|
\item The child is placed in its own, new session
|
|
(see \ex{become\=session\=leader}).
|
|
\item The terminal device becomes the new session's controlling terminal
|
|
(see \ex{open-control-tty}).
|
|
\item The \ex{(error-output-port)} is unbuffered.
|
|
\end{itemize}
|
|
|
|
The \ex{fork-pty-session} procedure returns four values:
|
|
the child's process object, two ports open on the controlling pty device,
|
|
and the name of the child's corresponding terminal device.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
\defun{open-pty}{}{pty-inport tty-name}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
This procedure finds a free pty/tty pair, and opens the pty device
|
|
with read/write access.
|
|
It returns a port on the pty,
|
|
and the name of the corresponding terminal device.
|
|
|
|
The port returned is an input port---Scheme doesn't allow input/output
|
|
ports.
|
|
However, you can easily use \ex{(dup->outport \var{pty-inport})}
|
|
to produce a matching output port.
|
|
You may wish to turn off I/O buffering for this output port.
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
|
|
\defun {pty-name->tty-name}{pty-name}{tty-name}
|
|
\defunx{tty-name->pty-name}{tty-name}{pty-name}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
These two procedures map between corresponding terminal and pty controller
|
|
names.
|
|
For example,
|
|
\begin{code}
|
|
(pty-name->tty-name "/dev/ptyq3") {\evalto} "/dev/ttyq3"
|
|
(tty-name->pty-name "/dev/ttyrc") {\evalto} "/dev/ptyrc"\end{code}
|
|
|
|
\remark{This is rather Berkeley-specific. SVR4 ptys are rare enough that
|
|
I've no real idea if it generalises across the Unix gap. Experts
|
|
are invited to advise. Users feel free to not worry---the predominance
|
|
of current popular Unix systems use Berkeley ptys.}
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
\defunx{make-pty-generator}{}{\proc}
|
|
\begin{desc}
|
|
This procedure returns a generator of candidate pty names.
|
|
Each time the returned procedure is called, it produces a
|
|
new candidate.
|
|
Software that wishes to search through the set of available ptys
|
|
can use a pty generator to iterate over them.
|
|
After producing all the possible ptys, a generator returns {\sharpf}
|
|
every time it is called.
|
|
Example:
|
|
\begin{code}
|
|
(define pg (make-pty-generator))
|
|
(pg) {\evalto} "/dev/ptyp0"
|
|
(pg) {\evalto} "/dev/ptyp1"
|
|
\vdots
|
|
(pg) {\evalto} "/dev/ptyqe"
|
|
(pg) {\evalto} "/dev/ptyqf" \textit{(Last one)}
|
|
(pg) {\evalto} {\sharpf}
|
|
(pg) {\evalto} {\sharpf}
|
|
\vdots\end{code}
|
|
\end{desc}
|
|
|
|
|
|
% Flag tables
|
|
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
|
|
|
% Control-chars indices
|
|
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{table}[p]
|
|
\begin{center}
|
|
\begin{tabular}{|lll|} \hline
|
|
Scsh & C & Typical char \\
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
{\Posix} & & \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/delete-char} & \ex{ERASE} & del \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/delete-line} & \ex{KILL} & \verb|^U| \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/eof} & \ex{EOF} & \verb|^D| \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/eol} & \ex{EOL} & \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/interrupt} & \ex{INTR} & \verb|^C| \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/quit} & \ex{QUIT} & \verb|^\| \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/suspend} & \ex{SUSP} & \verb|^Z| \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/start} & \ex{START} & \verb|^Q| \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/stop} & \ex{STOP} & \verb|^S| \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
{SVR4 and 4.3+BSD} & & \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/delayed-suspend} & \ex{DSUSP} & \verb|^Y| \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/delete-word} & \ex{WERASE} & \verb|^W| \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/discard} & \ex{DISCARD} & \verb|^O| \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/eol2} & \ex{EOL2} & \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/literal-next} & \ex{LNEXT} & \verb|^V| \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/reprint} & \ex{REPRINT} & \verb|^R| \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
{4.3+BSD} & & \\
|
|
\exi{ttychar/status} & \ex{STATUS} & \verb|^T| \\
|
|
\hline
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\caption{Indices into the \protect\ex{tty-info} record's
|
|
\protect\var{control-chars} string,
|
|
and the character traditionally found at each index.
|
|
Only the indices for the {\Posix} entries are guaranteed to
|
|
be non-\sharpf.}
|
|
\label{table:ttychars}
|
|
\end{table}
|
|
|
|
% Input flags
|
|
%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{table}[p]
|
|
\begin{center}\small
|
|
\begin{tabular}{|lll|} \hline
|
|
Scsh & C & Meaning \\
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
\Posix & & \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/check-parity}
|
|
& \ex{INPCK} & Check parity. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/ignore-bad-parity-chars}
|
|
& \ex{IGNPAR} & Ignore chars with parity errors. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/mark-parity-errors}
|
|
& \ex{PARMRK} & Insert chars to mark parity errors.\\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/ignore-break}
|
|
& \ex{IGNBRK} & Ignore breaks. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/interrupt-on-break}
|
|
& \ex{BRKINT} & Signal on breaks. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/7bits}
|
|
& \ex{ISTRIP} & Strip char to seven bits. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/cr->nl}
|
|
& \ex{ICRNL} & Map carriage-return to newline. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/ignore-cr}
|
|
& \ex{IGNCR} & Ignore carriage-returns. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/nl->cr}
|
|
& \ex{INLCR} & Map newline to carriage-return. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/input-flow-ctl}
|
|
& \ex{IXOFF} & Enable input flow control. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/output-flow-ctl}
|
|
& \ex{IXON} & Enable output flow control. \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
{SVR4 and 4.3+BSD} & & \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/xon-any} & \ex{IXANY} & Any char restarts after stop. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/beep-on-overflow} & \ex{IMAXBEL} & Ring bell when queue full. \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
{SVR4} & & \\
|
|
\exi{ttyin/lowercase} & \ex{IUCLC} & Map upper case to lower case. \\
|
|
\hline
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\caption{Input-flags. These are the named flags for the \protect\ex{tty-info}
|
|
record's \protect\var{input-flags} field.
|
|
These flags generally control the processing of input chars.
|
|
Only the {\Posix} entries are guaranteed to be non-\sharpf.
|
|
}
|
|
\label{table:ttyin}
|
|
\end{table}
|
|
|
|
% Output flags
|
|
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{table}[p]
|
|
\begin{center}%\small
|
|
\begin{tabular}{|lll|} \hline
|
|
Scsh & C & Meaning \\ \hline\hline
|
|
|
|
\multicolumn{3}{|l|}{\Posix} \\
|
|
\exi{ttyout/enable} & \ex{OPOST} & Enable output processing. \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
\multicolumn{3}{|l|}{SVR4 and 4.3+BSD} \\
|
|
\exi{ttyout/nl->crnl} & \ex{ONLCR} & Map nl to cr-nl. \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
\multicolumn{3}{|l|}{4.3+BSD} \\
|
|
\exi{ttyout/discard-eot} & \ex{ONOEOT} & Discard EOT chars. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyout/expand-tabs} & \ex{OXTABS}\footnote{
|
|
Note this is distinct from the SVR4-equivalent
|
|
\ex{ttyout/tab-delayx} flag defined in
|
|
table~\ref{table:ttydelays}.}
|
|
& Expand tabs. \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
\multicolumn{3}{|l|}{SVR4} \\
|
|
\exi{ttyout/cr->nl} & \ex{OCRNL} & Map cr to nl. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyout/nl-does-cr} & \ex{ONLRET}& Nl performs cr as well. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyout/no-col0-cr} & \ex{ONOCR} & No cr output in column 0. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyout/delay-w/fill-char} & \ex{OFILL} & Send fill char to delay. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyout/fill-w/del} & \ex{OFDEL} & Fill char is {\Ascii} DEL. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyout/uppercase} & \ex{OLCUC} & Map lower to upper case. \\
|
|
\hline
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
\caption{Output-flags. These are the named flags for the \protect\ex{tty-info}
|
|
record's \protect\var{output-flags} field.
|
|
These flags generally control the processing of output chars.
|
|
Only the {\Posix} entries are guaranteed to be non-\sharpf.}
|
|
\label{table:ttyout}
|
|
\end{table}
|
|
|
|
% Delay flags
|
|
%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{table}[p]
|
|
\begin{tabular}{r|ll|} \cline{2-3}
|
|
& Value & Comment \\ \cline{2-3}
|
|
{Backspace delay} & \exi{ttyout/bs-delay} & Bit-field mask \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/bs-delay0} & \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/bs-delay1} & \\
|
|
|
|
\cline{2-3}
|
|
{Carriage-return delay} & \exi{ttyout/cr-delay} & Bit-field mask \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/cr-delay0} & \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/cr-delay1} & \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/cr-delay2} & \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/cr-delay3} & \\
|
|
|
|
\cline{2-3}
|
|
{Form-feed delay} & \exi{ttyout/ff-delay} & Bit-field mask \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/ff-delay0} & \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/ff-delay1} & \\
|
|
|
|
\cline{2-3}
|
|
{Horizontal-tab delay} & \exi{ttyout/tab-delay} & Bit-field mask \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/tab-delay0} & \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/tab-delay1} & \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/tab-delay2} & \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/tab-delayx} & Expand tabs \\
|
|
|
|
\cline{2-3}
|
|
{Newline delay} & \exi{ttyout/nl-delay} & Bit-field mask \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/nl-delay0} & \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/nl-delay1} & \\
|
|
|
|
\cline{2-3}
|
|
{Vertical tab delay} & \exi{ttyout/vtab-delay} & Bit-field mask \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/vtab-delay0} & \\
|
|
& \exi{ttyout/vtab-delay1} & \\
|
|
|
|
\cline{2-3}
|
|
{All} & \exi{ttyout/all-delay} & Total bit-field mask \\
|
|
\cline{2-3}
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
|
|
\caption{Delay constants. These are the named flags for the
|
|
\protect\ex{tty-info} record's \protect\var{output-flags} field.
|
|
These flags control the output delays associated with printing
|
|
special characters.
|
|
They are non-{\Posix}, and have non-{\sharpf} values
|
|
only on SVR4 systems.}
|
|
\label{table:ttydelays}
|
|
\end{table}
|
|
|
|
% Control flags
|
|
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{table}[p]
|
|
\begin{center}%\small
|
|
\begin{tabular}{|lll|} \hline
|
|
Scsh & C & Meaning \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
\multicolumn{3}{|l|}{\Posix} \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/char-size} & \ex{CSIZE} & Character size mask \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/char-size5} & \ex{CS5} & 5 bits \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/char-size6} & \ex{CS6} & 6 bits \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/char-size7} & \ex{CS7} & 7 bits \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/char-size8} & \ex{CS8} & 8 bits \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/enable-parity}& \ex{PARENB} & Generate and detect parity. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/odd-parity} & \ex{PARODD} & Odd parity. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/enable-read} & \ex{CREAD} & Enable reception of chars. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/hup-on-close} & \ex{HUPCL} & Hang up on last close. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/no-modem-sync}& \ex{LOCAL} & Ignore modem lines. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/2-stop-bits} & \ex{CSTOPB} & Send two stop bits. \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
\multicolumn{3}{|l|}{4.3+BSD} \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/ignore-flags} & \ex{CIGNORE} & Ignore control flags. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/CTS-output-flow-ctl} & \verb|CCTS_OFLOW| & CTS flow control of output \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/RTS-input-flow-ctl} & \verb|CRTS_IFLOW| & RTS flow control of input \\
|
|
\exi{ttyc/carrier-flow-ctl} & \ex{MDMBUF} & \\
|
|
\hline
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
|
|
\caption{Control-flags. These are the named flags for the \protect\ex{tty-info}
|
|
record's \protect\var{control-flags} field.
|
|
These flags generally control the details of the terminal's
|
|
serial line.
|
|
Only the {\Posix} entries are guaranteed to be non-\sharpf.}
|
|
\label{table:ttyctl}
|
|
\end{table}
|
|
|
|
% Local flags
|
|
%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|
|
\begin{table}[p]
|
|
\begin{center}\small
|
|
\begin{tabular}{|lll|} \hline
|
|
Scsh & C & Meaning \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
\multicolumn{3}{|l|}{\Posix} \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/canonical} & \ex{ICANON} & Canonical input processing. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/echo} & \ex{ECHO} & Enable echoing. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/echo-delete-line} & \ex{ECHOK} & Echo newline after line kill. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/echo-nl} & \ex{ECHONL} & Echo newline even if echo is off. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/visual-delete}& \ex{ECHOE} & Visually erase chars. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/enable-signals} & \ex{ISIG} & Enable \verb|^|C, \verb|^|Z signalling. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/extended} & \ex{IEXTEN} & Enable extensions. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/no-flush-on-interrupt}
|
|
& \ex{NOFLSH} & Don't flush after interrupt. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/ttou-signal} & \ex{ITOSTOP} & \ex{SIGTTOU} on background output. \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
\multicolumn{3}{|l|}{SVR4 and 4.3+BSD} \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/echo-ctl} & \ex{ECHOCTL}
|
|
& Echo control chars as ``\verb|^X|''. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/flush-output} & \ex{FLUSHO} & Output is being flushed. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/hardcopy-delete} & \ex{ECHOPRT} & Visual erase for hardcopy. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/reprint-unread-chars} & \ex{PENDIN} & Retype pending input. \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/visual-delete-line} & \ex{ECHOKE} & Visually erase a line-kill. \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
\multicolumn{3}{|l|}{4.3+BSD} \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/alt-delete-word} & \ex{ALTWERASE} & Alternate word erase algorithm \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/no-kernel-status} & \ex{NOKERNINFO} & No kernel status on \verb|^T|. \\
|
|
|
|
\hline\hline
|
|
\multicolumn{3}{|l|}{SVR4} \\
|
|
\exi{ttyl/case-map} & \ex{XCASE} & Canonical case presentation \\
|
|
\hline
|
|
\end{tabular}
|
|
\end{center}
|
|
|
|
\caption{Local-flags. These are the named flags for the \protect\ex{tty-info}
|
|
record's \protect\var{local-flags} field.
|
|
These flags generally control the details of the line-editting
|
|
user interface.
|
|
Only the {\Posix} entries are guaranteed to be non-\sharpf.}
|
|
\label{table:ttylocal}
|
|
\end{table}
|
|
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
|