diff --git a/extlib/benz/dict.c b/extlib/benz/dict.c
index 39dcacf6..80aed488 100644
--- a/extlib/benz/dict.c
+++ b/extlib/benz/dict.c
@@ -66,6 +66,23 @@ pic_dict_del(pic_state *pic, struct pic_dict *dict, pic_sym *key)
   kh_del(dict, h, it);
 }
 
+bool
+pic_dict_next(pic_state PIC_UNUSED(*pic), struct pic_dict *dict, int *iter, pic_sym **key, pic_value *val)
+{
+  khash_t(dict) *h = &dict->hash;
+  int it = *iter;
+
+  for (it = *iter; it != kh_end(h); ++it) {
+    if (kh_exist(h, it)) {
+      if (key) *key = kh_key(h, it);
+      if (val) *val = kh_val(h, it);
+      *iter = ++it;
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
 static pic_value
 pic_dict_make_dictionary(pic_state *pic)
 {
@@ -198,15 +215,14 @@ static pic_value
 pic_dict_dictionary_to_alist(pic_state *pic)
 {
   struct pic_dict *dict;
-  pic_value item, alist = pic_nil_value(pic);
+  pic_value val, alist = pic_nil_value(pic);
   pic_sym *sym;
-  khiter_t it;
+  int it = 0;
 
   pic_get_args(pic, "d", &dict);
 
-  pic_dict_for_each (sym, dict, it) {
-    item = pic_cons(pic, pic_obj_value(sym), pic_dict_ref(pic, dict, sym));
-    pic_push(pic, item, alist);
+  while (pic_dict_next(pic, dict, &it, &sym, &val)) {
+    pic_push(pic, pic_cons(pic, pic_obj_value(sym), val), alist);
   }
 
   return alist;
@@ -234,14 +250,14 @@ static pic_value
 pic_dict_dictionary_to_plist(pic_state *pic)
 {
   struct pic_dict *dict;
-  pic_value plist = pic_nil_value(pic);
+  pic_value val, plist = pic_nil_value(pic);
   pic_sym *sym;
-  khiter_t it;
+  int it = 0;
 
   pic_get_args(pic, "d", &dict);
 
-  pic_dict_for_each (sym, dict, it) {
-    pic_push(pic, pic_dict_ref(pic, dict, sym), plist);
+  while (pic_dict_next(pic, dict, &it, &sym, &val)) {
+    pic_push(pic, val, plist);
     pic_push(pic, pic_obj_value(sym), plist);
   }
 
diff --git a/extlib/benz/gc.c b/extlib/benz/gc.c
index 922968d5..cf32889d 100644
--- a/extlib/benz/gc.c
+++ b/extlib/benz/gc.c
@@ -360,11 +360,12 @@ gc_mark_object(pic_state *pic, struct pic_object *obj)
   }
   case PIC_TYPE_DICT: {
     pic_sym *sym;
-    khiter_t it;
+    pic_value val;
+    int it = 0;
 
-    pic_dict_for_each (sym, &obj->u.dict, it) {
+    while (pic_dict_next(pic, &obj->u.dict, &it, &sym, &val)) {
       gc_mark_object(pic, (struct pic_object *)sym);
-      gc_mark(pic, pic_dict_ref(pic, &obj->u.dict, sym));
+      gc_mark(pic, val);
     }
     break;
   }
diff --git a/extlib/benz/include/picrin.h b/extlib/benz/include/picrin.h
index ab3c9796..177b877b 100644
--- a/extlib/benz/include/picrin.h
+++ b/extlib/benz/include/picrin.h
@@ -231,6 +231,7 @@ void pic_dict_set(pic_state *, struct pic_dict *, pic_sym *, pic_value);
 void pic_dict_del(pic_state *, struct pic_dict *, pic_sym *);
 bool pic_dict_has(pic_state *, struct pic_dict *, pic_sym *);
 int pic_dict_size(pic_state *, struct pic_dict *);
+bool pic_dict_next(pic_state *, struct pic_dict *, int *iter, pic_sym **key, pic_value *val);
 
 /* ephemeron */
 struct pic_weak *pic_make_weak(pic_state *);
diff --git a/extlib/benz/include/picrin/dict.h b/extlib/benz/include/picrin/dict.h
index d0ce786e..bcb3a427 100644
--- a/extlib/benz/include/picrin/dict.h
+++ b/extlib/benz/include/picrin/dict.h
@@ -18,12 +18,6 @@ struct pic_dict {
 
 #define pic_dict_ptr(v) ((struct pic_dict *)pic_obj_ptr(v))
 
-#define pic_dict_for_each(sym, dict, it)        \
-  pic_dict_for_each_help(sym, (&(dict)->hash), it)
-#define pic_dict_for_each_help(sym, h, it)        \
-  for (it = kh_begin(h); it != kh_end(h); ++it)   \
-    if ((sym = kh_key(h, it)), kh_exist(h, it))
-
 #if defined(__cplusplus)
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/extlib/benz/lib.c b/extlib/benz/lib.c
index 311f6ed5..b0784941 100644
--- a/extlib/benz/lib.c
+++ b/extlib/benz/lib.c
@@ -107,13 +107,14 @@ void
 pic_import(pic_state *pic, const char *lib)
 {
   pic_sym *name, *realname, *uid;
-  khiter_t it;
+  int it = 0;
+  pic_value val;
   struct pic_lib *libp;
 
   libp = get_library(pic, lib);
 
-  pic_dict_for_each (name, libp->exports, it) {
-    realname = pic_sym_ptr(pic_dict_ref(pic, libp->exports, name));
+  while (pic_dict_next(pic, libp->exports, &it, &name, &val)) {
+    realname = pic_sym_ptr(val);
 
     if ((uid = pic_find_identifier(pic, (pic_id *)realname, libp->env)) == NULL) {
       pic_errorf(pic, "attempted to export undefined variable '~s'", pic_obj_value(realname));
@@ -220,14 +221,14 @@ pic_lib_library_exports(pic_state *pic)
   const char *lib;
   pic_value exports = pic_nil_value(pic);
   pic_sym *sym;
-  khiter_t it;
+  int it = 0;
   struct pic_lib *libp;
 
   pic_get_args(pic, "z", &lib);
 
   libp = get_library(pic, lib);
 
-  pic_dict_for_each (sym, libp->exports, it) {
+  while (pic_dict_next(pic, libp->exports, &it, &sym, NULL)) {
     pic_push(pic, pic_obj_value(sym), exports);
   }
 
diff --git a/extlib/benz/write.c b/extlib/benz/write.c
index 9e3e2a50..6cf79c7e 100644
--- a/extlib/benz/write.c
+++ b/extlib/benz/write.c
@@ -242,13 +242,14 @@ write_dict(struct writer_control *p, struct pic_dict *dict)
 {
   pic_state *pic = p->pic;
   xFILE *file = p->file;
-  pic_sym *sym;
-  khiter_t it;
+  pic_sym *key;
+  pic_value val;
+  int it = 0;
 
   xfprintf(pic, file, "#.(dictionary");
-  pic_dict_for_each (sym, dict, it) {
-    xfprintf(pic, file, " '%s ", pic_str(pic, pic_sym_name(pic, sym)));
-    write_core(p, pic_dict_ref(pic, dict, sym));
+  while (pic_dict_next(pic, dict, &it, &key, &val)) {
+    xfprintf(pic, file, " '%s ", pic_str(pic, pic_sym_name(pic, key)));
+    write_core(p, val);
   }
   xfprintf(pic, file, ")");
 }
@@ -366,9 +367,10 @@ traverse(struct writer_control *p, pic_value obj)
         }
       } else {
         /* dictionary */
-        pic_sym *sym;
-        pic_dict_for_each (sym, pic_dict_ptr(obj), it) {
-          traverse(p, pic_dict_ref(pic, pic_dict_ptr(obj), sym));
+        int it = 0;
+        pic_value val;
+        while (pic_dict_next(pic, pic_dict_ptr(obj), &it, NULL, &val)) {
+          traverse(p, val);
         }
       }